This will have a major impact on the ability of western countries to reach emission targets for greenhouse gases as contemplated by the Kyoto Protocol.

Studies have shown that using an oil that can be produced in a genetically modified oilseed crop can reduce emissions in the average car by almost 300lbs annually.

Recent research into the application of vegetable-based engine oils has turned in some startling results. Using a high oleic oil (such as that made in canola) mixed with castor oil and some long chain vegetable esters, engine emissions can be significantly reduced.

At both Montana State and Pennsylvania State Universities results have shown that vegetable-based engine oils can significantly reduce emissions. One researcher estimated that based on January 2002 emission prices, using this oil can create a combined emission credit of as much as $600US per automobile per year. These estimates include nitrous oxides, carbon sources, volatiles, particulates and hydrocarbons. While this estimate may appear high, large US cities are expected to pay particularly high prices for emission reductions.

This proven vegetable-based engine oil has been tested and used for the past several years. It relies on castor oil as a key ingredient. With a 10% penetration of just the US market for engine oil alone, this single application would require over one million acres of modified crops annually.